-Excessive hair growth in a male pattern.
-Androgen dependent
Common areas involved:
-Beard
-Abdominal wall
-Thighs
-Around nipples
Causes:
-Idiopathic
-Polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS)
-Others(2%):
-congenital hyperplasia of adrenal glands.
-prolactinoma
-ovarian/adrenal tumours
-acromegaly
*Hirsutism must be well differentiated from Hypertrichosis while making a diagnosis.
Hypertrichosis
-General increase in body hair.
Causes:
-Drugs: ciclosporin, phenytoin, minoxidil.
-Systemic illness: hypothyrodism, undernutrition.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.
-multiple small cysts in the ovary.
-excess androgens production, mainly from ovaries.
-cyst: is an arrested follicle of its development.
-anovulation.
-insulin resistance.
-hypertension
-hyperlipidaemia
Clinical features:
-amenorrhoea/oligomenorrhoea
-hirsutism
-acne
-marked obesity (rare)
-mild virilization (in severe case)
* Diagnosis is usually made Clinically but following investigations also support the diagnosis:
-elevated serum testosterone.
-normal/elevated LH
-normal FSH
-multiple ovarian cysts (USS)
Management of Hirsutism.
-Excess hair removal:
-shaving.
-bleaching.
-waxing.
-Drugs:
-Cyproterone(antiandrogenic.)
-Oestrogen(reduces free androgens)
-Spironolactone(antiandrogenic)
-Finasteride(5-alpha-reductase inhibitor)
*But in cases like:
-who are concerned about their fertility: Clomifene(anti-oestrogen)
-" " not " " " :OCPs-to manage menstrual irregularities.
--For hyperandrogenic signs: Antiandrogenic like cyproterone acetate.
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